Band Saw Speed Calculator

Set wheel diameter, motor speed, and drive ratio to estimate blade speed. Use material presets to target cuts, then download a job sheet quickly.

Choose the direction you want to solve.
Use the saw wheel diameter, not blade width.
Used when drive ratio is disabled.
Used in “wheel RPM from target speed” mode.
Use pulleys and gear reduction to compute wheel RPM.
Common induction motors are 1750 or 3450 RPM.
Pulley on the motor shaft.
Pulley on the wheel shaft.
1.0 = direct, 0.5 = half-speed reduction.
Ranges are typical starting points, not guarantees.
Use your blade type and coolant as needed.
Optional: helps you document setups.
Optional: used for recordkeeping.
Kerf does not change blade speed, but documents cuts.
Match pitch to thickness to avoid tooth stripping.
Reset

Example data table

Wheel Diameter Wheel RPM Blade Speed (SFPM) Blade Speed (m/min) Typical Use
14 in 300 1,099.6 335.1 General shop setup reference
200 mm 120 247.4 75.4 Metal cutting starting point
18 in 450 2,120.6 646.4 Fast woodworking range check

Examples are illustrative; your machine and blade may differ.

Formula used

Blade speed equals the wheel’s circumference multiplied by wheel revolutions per minute. Using diameter D and wheel speed RPM:

When drive ratio is enabled, wheel RPM is estimated as: Wheel RPM = Motor RPM × (Driver Pulley ÷ Driven Pulley) × Gear Ratio.

How to use this calculator

  1. Choose a calculation mode based on what you know.
  2. Enter wheel diameter and select the correct unit.
  3. Enter wheel RPM, or enable drive ratio and enter motor and pulleys.
  4. If solving for RPM, enter a target blade speed and unit.
  5. Optionally enable a material preset to compare against common ranges.
  6. Press Calculate to show results above the form.
  7. Use the CSV or PDF buttons to save a job sheet.

Notes for construction workshops

Blade speed affects cut quality, heat, and blade life. Higher speeds are typical for wood and sheet goods, while metals often require slower speeds to control temperature and tooth loading.

Start inside the preset range, then adjust feed pressure and coolant. If the cut chatters, reduce speed or increase tooth engagement. If the blade burns wood, increase speed or change teeth.

Always confirm your machine’s rated speed limits, wheel condition, and guarding before changing ratios.

Professional guide

Understanding blade surface speed

Band saw performance is driven by blade surface speed: how many feet of blade pass the cut each minute. Higher surface speed can improve finish on wood, while slower speeds protect teeth and reduce heat in metals. This calculator converts your wheel rotation into a practical shop speed you can tune.

Units that matter in the shop

Many machines and charts use SFPM (surface feet per minute). Metalworking shops may prefer meters per minute. The calculator outputs both, helping you compare manufacturer recommendations, blade packaging data, and cutting guides without manual conversions.

Wheel diameter and speed relationship

Blade speed rises with both wheel diameter and wheel RPM. The core relationship is circumference times RPM. A 14-inch wheel has a circumference of about 3.67 feet, so at 300 RPM the blade travels roughly 1,099 SFPM. Increasing RPM or moving to a larger wheel increases surface speed proportionally.

Using motor, pulleys, and reductions

Construction workshops often change speeds using pulleys or gear reductions. When enabled, the calculator estimates wheel RPM from motor RPM and the pulley ratio (driver ÷ driven). A smaller driver pulley or a larger driven pulley reduces wheel speed, which is common for cutting steel or stainless.

Typical starting ranges by material

Material presets provide practical starting points. Softwoods commonly run around 3,000–5,000 SFPM, while plastics often stay near 800–2,000 SFPM to reduce melting. Mild steel typically starts around 60–120 SFPM, and stainless around 40–90 SFPM, depending on blade type and coolant.

Matching tooth pitch to thickness

Surface speed is only half the setup. Tooth pitch must match thickness so multiple teeth share the load. Thin stock benefits from finer pitch to keep teeth engaged; thick stock needs coarser pitch to clear chips. Recording pitch alongside speed helps you repeat successful cuts.

Heat, chips, and cut quality control

If chips are blue, the blade is too hot; reduce speed, add coolant, or lighten feed. If the blade stalls, you may be too slow or feeding too aggressively. Use the warning checks as guardrails, then refine by observing chip shape, noise, and blade tracking.

Documenting setups for repeatable work

Save results as CSV or PDF to build a “setup library” for recurring tasks—framing brackets, conduit hangers, aluminum trims, or hardwood jigs. Consistent documentation reduces guesswork, improves safety, and extends blade life across multiple crews and job sites.

FAQs

1) What is SFPM and why is it used?

SFPM is surface feet per minute—the blade distance passing the cut each minute. It helps compare saw settings across different wheel sizes and matches many cutting-speed charts.

2) Should I use wheel diameter or blade length?

Use wheel diameter. Blade speed depends on wheel circumference and wheel RPM. Blade length affects tensioning and tracking, not the surface speed calculation.

3) How accurate is the pulley ratio estimation?

It is usually close for belts in good condition. Real speed can vary due to belt slip, motor load, and pulley wear. Treat it as a starting value and verify by cut behavior.

4) Why are metal speeds much lower than wood speeds?

Metals generate more heat at the tooth edge. Lower speeds limit temperature, reduce tooth softening, and help chips form properly. Wood tolerates much higher surface speed without rapid tooth damage.

5) Can I increase speed to cut faster?

Sometimes, but only within your machine’s rating and the blade’s limits. If you increase speed, adjust feed and cooling. Faster is not always better—excess heat can shorten blade life.

6) What blade type works best for steel?

Bi-metal blades are a common choice for steel because they combine a tough backing with hardened teeth. Use coolant when possible and keep the speed within typical metal-cutting ranges.

7) How do I choose tooth pitch?

Aim to keep at least 2–3 teeth in the cut. Thin materials need finer pitch; thick materials need coarser pitch to clear chips. Match pitch to thickness to reduce snagging and stripping.

Use accurate inputs, verify settings, and cut safely always.

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Important Note: All the Calculators listed in this site are for educational purpose only and we do not guarentee the accuracy of results. Please do consult with other sources as well.