Solar Time Of Use Calculator

Construction planning

Model time-based tariffs, solar generation, and storage impacts today. See baseline bills versus solar bills. Export credits and peak shaving are included for decisions.

Inputs
Use realistic billing data and tariff periods for your site.
Tip: Load and solar splits must total 100%.
Used for display only.
Affects labeling, not energy totals.
Service, meter, or access fees.
Typical monthly consumption.
Monthly PV output estimate.
Credit for exported energy.
Share of usage billed at peak.
Share billed at shoulder.
Share billed at off-peak.
TOU peak unit rate.
TOU shoulder unit rate.
TOU off-peak unit rate.
Generation coincident with peak.
Typical daytime generation share.
Early/late generation share.
Share of solar aimed to be used onsite.
Storage shifts solar into expensive periods.
Usable energy, not nameplate.
Losses reduce delivered discharge energy.
Which period the battery offsets first.
Advanced tariff options
Applies monthly cost per peak kW.
Monthly demand charge rate.
Highest measured demand in the month.
Estimate reduction from PV + storage.
Advanced storage options
Simple arbitrage model (off-peak charge).
Added to off-peak imports; discharged by priority.
Grid-charging is a simplified estimate. Real systems use power limits, schedules, and SOC constraints.
By submitting, you accept that results are estimates for planning and comparison.
Example dataset

Use this example to sanity-check your entries and understand outputs.

Scenario Load (kWh) Solar (kWh) Peak rate Off-peak rate Self-consumption Battery (kWh)
Small site office 900 650 55 30 60% 8
Site accommodation 1400 900 62 34 55% 12
Tools and workshop 2200 1200 70 38 50% 15
Rates shown are unit examples. Replace them with your tariff values.
Formula used
1) Split energy by time period
Loadp = TotalLoad × LoadSharep
Solarp = TotalSolar × SolarSharep
2) Baseline bill
BaselineEnergy = Σ(Loadp × Ratep)
BaselineDemand = PeakkW × DemandRate (optional)
BaselineBill = BaselineEnergy + BaselineDemand + FixedCharge
3) Solar direct use, storage, and exports
PotentialDirectp = min(Loadp, Solarp)
DirectUsedTotal = min(Solar × SelfConsumption%, Σ PotentialDirectp)
Importsp = max(0, Loadp − DirectUsedp)
ExcessSolar = Solar − DirectUsedTotal
BatteryCharge = min(BatteryCapacity, ExcessSolar) (optional)
BatteryDelivered = (BatteryCharge + GridCharge) × RTE (optional)
Battery offsets imports by selected priority, then remaining energy is exported.
4) Bill with solar
SolarEnergyGross = Σ(Importsp × Ratep)
ExportRevenue = ExportkWh × ExportRate
SolarEnergyNet = SolarEnergyGross − ExportRevenue
SolarDemand = BaselinePeakkW × (1 − Reduction%) × DemandRate (optional)
SolarBill = SolarEnergyNet + SolarDemand + FixedCharge
5) Savings
Savings = BaselineBill − SolarBill
How to use
  1. Enter monthly consumption from utility bills or site metering.
  2. Add peak, shoulder, and off-peak rates from your tariff sheet.
  3. Set load split percentages to match your operating schedule.
  4. Add expected PV generation and its split by time period.
  5. Adjust self-consumption, export credits, and battery settings.
  6. Press Calculate, then export results to share with stakeholders.

Project insights

Time-of-use pricing and site energy planning

Construction projects often face variable tariffs where peak windows carry the highest unit cost. This calculator separates monthly kWh into peak, shoulder, and off-peak shares, then applies the correct rate to each block. When peak pricing is high, even modest peak reduction can materially lower the total bill. Use the fixed charge field to capture meter fees so comparisons remain realistic.

Matching solar output to operating schedules

Solar generation is rarely uniform across tariff periods. By assigning solar kWh into the same three periods, the tool estimates how much PV coincides with daytime activity versus late or early hours. The direct-use calculation is limited by both period load and period solar. This avoids overcrediting PV during times when the site is lightly loaded.

Storage value, dispatch logic, and efficiency

Battery capacity shifts surplus solar into expensive periods, but losses reduce delivered energy. Round-trip efficiency is applied to the charged energy to estimate usable discharge. Dispatch priority lets you offset peak first for maximum savings, or shoulder first if your tariff design makes that period costly. Optional off-peak grid charging can model simple arbitrage where permitted.

Exports, imports, and bill components

Any solar not used directly or stored is treated as export and credited at the export rate. The net energy charge equals the cost of remaining grid imports minus export credits. Demand charges can be added when the utility bills by monthly peak kW. The reduction percentage provides a practical estimate of peak shaving from PV and storage.

Using results for budgets and design decisions

Use the baseline and “with solar” totals to benchmark procurement options, generator run-time strategies, and PV sizing. Review the period table to identify which time block drives costs, then adjust load scheduling or battery capacity accordingly. Export CSV for estimators and PDF for approvals, ensuring assumptions remain transparent and traceable. For early estimates, run multiple scenarios to bracket uncertainty and document the chosen basis of design clearly.

FAQs

1) What is a time-of-use tariff?

It is a pricing structure where the unit rate changes by time window. Peak periods usually cost more, while off-peak periods cost less. The calculator applies a separate rate to each period’s kWh.

2) How do I estimate load split percentages?

Start with site operating hours and major loads. Metering data is best. If unavailable, estimate how much energy occurs during daytime work, evenings, and nights, then adjust so the three percentages sum to 100%.

3) Why does self-consumption target matter?

Self-consumption limits how much solar is assumed to be used onsite. Lower targets increase exports, which may be credited at a lower rate than imports. Higher targets represent better load matching or effective storage.

4) How is battery efficiency applied?

Charged energy is multiplied by round-trip efficiency to estimate delivered discharge. For example, 10 kWh charged at 90% efficiency yields about 9 kWh available to offset imports. This accounts for conversion and storage losses.

5) Can I include demand charges?

Yes. Enable demand charges, enter the baseline monthly peak kW and the demand rate. Then enter an estimated reduction percentage to approximate peak shaving effects from PV and storage.

6) Are export credits always the same as import rates?

Not always. Many tariffs credit exports at a separate, often lower rate. Enter the export credit from your interconnection or net billing agreement so the model reflects your actual billing rules.

Related Calculators

Solar ROI CalculatorSolar Payback CalculatorSolar Payback Period CalculatorSolar Break Even CalculatorSolar Savings CalculatorSolar Bill Offset CalculatorSolar Net Savings CalculatorSolar Lifetime Value CalculatorSolar NPV CalculatorSolar IRR Calculator

Important Note: All the Calculators listed in this site are for educational purpose only and we do not guarentee the accuracy of results. Please do consult with other sources as well.