Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Calculator

Design double pipe exchangers with reliable thermal calculations. Review duties, coefficients, area, velocity, and losses. Make sizing decisions faster with organized engineering results today.

Enter Design Inputs

The form stays in one vertical page flow, while inputs rearrange into three columns on large screens, two on medium screens, and one on mobile.


Thermal duty inputs


Fluid property inputs


Geometry and fouling inputs

Formula Used

Heat duty

Q = m × Cp × ΔT. The calculator evaluates heat duty on both hot and cold sides and then uses their average as the design duty.

Log mean temperature difference

LMTD = (ΔT1 − ΔT2) / ln(ΔT1 / ΔT2). Counterflow uses (Th,in − Tc,out) and (Th,out − Tc,in). Parallel flow uses (Th,in − Tc,in) and (Th,out − Tc,out).

Overall coefficient

The overall coefficient based on outer area uses convection inside the tube, wall conduction, and fouling on both sides: 1/Uo = do/(dihi) + doln(do/di)/(2kw) + Rf,ido/di + Rf,o + 1/ho.

Area and length

A = Q / (U × LMTD). Required total tube length is A / (π × do).

Hydraulic calculations

Velocity = volumetric flow / flow area. Reynolds number = ρvD / μ. Pressure drop uses Darcy–Weisbach: ΔP = f(L/D)(ρv²/2), with laminar and Blasius friction estimates.

Film coefficients

The calculator applies simple Nusselt correlations for internal flow. Laminar cases use constant-value estimates, while turbulent flow uses the Dittus–Boelter style relationship.

How to Use This Calculator

  1. Choose counterflow or parallel flow and decide which fluid travels inside the inner tube.
  2. Enter inlet and outlet temperatures, mass flow rates, and specific heats for both fluids.
  3. Fill in density, viscosity, and conductivity values that match the expected average operating temperature.
  4. Provide tube diameters, annulus diameter, wall conductivity, fouling resistances, and available straight pipe length.
  5. Leave the manual U field blank to calculate U from properties, or enter a known design U value to override the estimate.
  6. Press the calculate button to see results above the form, then use the CSV or PDF buttons to export the table.

Example Data Table

Item Sample value Unit
Flow arrangementCounterflow
Hot fluid locationInner tube
Hot inlet / outlet temperature140 / 105°C
Cold inlet / outlet temperature30 / 60°C
Hot / cold mass flow2.00 / 1.20kg/s
Hot / cold specific heat2.10 / 4.18kJ/kg·K
Tube ID / OD38 / 48mm
Outer pipe ID82mm
Calculated LMTD77.473°C
Calculated overall coefficient381.126W/m²·K
Required area5.037
Required tube length33.405m

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What does this calculator estimate?

It estimates heat duty, LMTD, overall coefficient, required area, tube length, velocities, Reynolds numbers, flow regimes, and straight-length pressure drops for a double pipe exchanger.

2. Why are both hot-side and cold-side duties shown?

Both are shown to help you check energy balance. A large mismatch usually means one or more temperatures, flow rates, or specific heat values need review.

3. When should I enter a manual U value?

Enter a manual U value when you already have a plant standard, vendor estimate, or validated design coefficient. Leave it blank to calculate U from the supplied transport properties.

4. Does the calculator support both counterflow and parallel flow?

Yes. The terminal temperature differences and NTU effectiveness relation change automatically when you switch between counterflow and parallel flow modes.

5. Are the pressure drops detailed enough for final equipment selection?

No. They are useful for early sizing and comparison. Final design should include entrance losses, return bends, fittings, roughness effects, and manufacturer geometry details.

6. What fluid properties should I use?

Use properties at a representative mean bulk temperature for each stream. That gives more realistic Reynolds, Prandtl, film coefficient, and pressure drop estimates.

7. Why might the LMTD become invalid?

An invalid LMTD appears when a terminal temperature difference becomes zero or negative. That usually indicates an impossible thermal target for the selected flow arrangement.

8. Can I use this for hairpin section planning?

Yes. The calculator converts required tube length into estimated straight sections using your entered standard segment length, which is useful during preliminary layout planning.

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Important Note: All the Calculators listed in this site are for educational purpose only and we do not guarentee the accuracy of results. Please do consult with other sources as well.