Circulation Fan Calculator

Balance humidity, heat, and stale air quickly. Choose metrics, set targets, and compare fan options. Generate reports, export files, and plan installs confidently today.

Inputs

3 columns (large) • 2 (medium) • 1 (small)

Enter enclosure dimensions, choose airflow targets, and optionally estimate energy and cost.

Airflow output matches your chosen system.
m
m
m
Use average height above plant canopy if needed.
Higher ACH increases mixing and reduces hotspots.
Denser canopies need more mixing.
Accounts for screens, guards, or restrictions.
Extra margin for seasonal peaks and wear.
Real-world delivery vs. nameplate rating.
m³/h
Use the manufacturer’s rated airflow.
After calculation, results appear above this form under the header.

Formula Used

  • Volume = length × width × height.
  • Metric: Base airflow (m³/h) = volume(m³) × ACH.
  • Imperial: Base airflow (CFM) = volume(ft³) × ACH ÷ 60.
  • Effective airflow = base airflow × (1 + loss%) × density factor × safety factor.
  • Fans needed = ceil( effective airflow ÷ (fan rating × efficiency) ).

How to Use This Calculator

  1. Select your measurement system.
  2. Enter enclosure length, width, and height.
  3. Set a target ACH for your climate and crops.
  4. Choose plant density and add any airflow loss allowance.
  5. Enter your fan airflow rating and optional power/cost details.
  6. Press Calculate and review the recommendations above.

Example Data Table

Scenario Size ACH Fan Rating Loss% Density Fans Needed
Small tunnel 6×3×2.4 m 10 2500 m³/h 10 Medium 1
Dense canopy 10×4×3 m 12 3000 m³/h 15 High 2
Shade structure 25×12×10 ft 8 1800 CFM 12 Medium 2

Air Change Targets for Garden Enclosures

Circulation planning starts with a realistic ACH target. For seedling trays, 6–10 ACH typically keeps humidity stable while avoiding leaf flutter. Vegetative growth often benefits from 10–15 ACH to reduce boundary-layer resistance and improve transpiration control. Fruiting crops with dense canopies may require 12–20 ACH to prevent stagnant pockets around flowers and developing fruit. Aim for 0.2–0.5 m/s near canopy.

Sizing Airflow from Volume

The calculator multiplies enclosure volume by the selected ACH to estimate base airflow. A 6×3×2.4 m tunnel holds 43.2 m³, so 10 ACH equals 432 m³/h before adjustments. In imperial units, airflow is expressed as CFM, calculated from cubic feet per hour divided by 60. This aligns fan selection with manufacturer airflow ratings.

Adjustments for Density, Losses, and Safety

Real installations rarely deliver nameplate airflow. Screens, guards, and bends can reduce flow by 5–20%, so a loss allowance helps protect performance. Insect netting or carbon filters may justify 20–35% allowance. Plant density adds mixing demand; the built-in factors (Low 1.00, Medium 1.15, High 1.30) reflect increasingly obstructed air paths. A 1.10–1.25 safety factor is useful for summer peaks and aging motors during hot, humid spells.

Selecting Fans and Layout

Use the per-fan rating and efficiency field to reflect actual delivered airflow. If a fan is rated at 2500 m³/h but operates at 0.85 efficiency, the calculator treats it as 2125 m³/h. Multiple smaller fans can improve uniformity versus one large unit, especially in long tunnels. As a practical spacing rule, place circulation fans about every 6–10 m, alternating sides when possible. Aim airflow along the canopy, avoid direct blasts at tender stems, and stagger fans to reduce dead zones.

Energy and Cost Benchmarking

Power and run time estimates help compare options. Two 120 W fans running 8 hours consume 1.92 kWh/day, or about 57.6 kWh/month. At a rate of 0.20 per kWh, that is roughly 11.52 per month. For round-the-clock operation, multiply daily kWh by 3.0. These quick benchmarks support budgeting, and they highlight how improving distribution can reduce total fan count without sacrificing crop comfort.


FAQs

What is a good ACH range for small greenhouses?

Most small structures perform well between 8 and 15 ACH. Start near 10 ACH, then increase if you see condensation, persistent hotspots, or weak stem movement. Reduce if leaves show constant flutter or drying.

Why does the calculator include a loss allowance?

Guards, insect screens, ducts, and obstructions reduce delivered airflow. The loss percent adds a cushion so the installed system still meets the target airflow after real-world restrictions.

Can I use CFM from an exhaust fan for circulation planning?

You can, but exhaust fans are designed for air exchange, not mixing. If the exhaust fan will run continuously, include its airflow as one option. Otherwise, use dedicated circulation fan ratings for more uniform canopy movement.

How should I set fan efficiency?

If you have test data, use it. Otherwise, 0.75–0.90 is a practical range for many fans once mounted with guards and typical restrictions. Lower values are safer for dense canopies or screened intakes.

Does this tool replace a full ventilation design?

No. It estimates circulation fan count for mixing and uniformity. Ventilation also depends on outside conditions, heat loads, vents, and exhaust sizing. Use this result as a planning baseline before final equipment selection.

How can I reduce energy cost without losing performance?

Improve airflow paths, reduce obstructions, and place multiple smaller fans for uniform mixing. Check that airflow is aimed along the canopy, not into walls. Efficient fans and timed operation during peak humidity can cut kWh significantly.

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Important Note: All the Calculators listed in this site are for educational purpose only and we do not guarentee the accuracy of results. Please do consult with other sources as well.