Radial Flow Filter Calculator

Plan your filter in minutes with clear inputs. Compare existing tanks or auto-size new ones. Download reports, validate flow splits, and reduce clogging risk.

Calculator Inputs

Large screens: 3 columns. Small screens: 2 columns. Mobile: 1 column.

Auto-size computes diameter from depth and volume.
Use total system flow entering the filter stage.
minutes
Longer time generally improves settling potential.
Flow will be split evenly across filters.
%
Adds margin to required volume per filter.
Applies to tank diameter, depth, and limit.
Used in both modes as operating depth.
Only needed in “Check existing tank” mode.
If set, depth will increase when needed.
Used to estimate pipe velocity per filter.

Formula used

  • Flow per filter: Qeach = Qtotal / N
  • Required volume: V = Qeach × t × (1 + SF)
  • Cylindrical tank volume: Vtank = π × (D²/4) × H
  • Diameter (auto-size): D = √(4V / (πH))
  • Upflow velocity: v = Qeach / A, where A = π × (D²/4)
  • Pipe velocity: vpipe = Qeach / (π × (d²/4))
Units are converted internally to m, m², m³, and seconds.

How to use this calculator

  1. Enter total system flow and choose the correct unit.
  2. Select a target retention time based on your goals.
  3. Pick auto-size to compute diameter from depth and volume.
  4. Or choose check mode to evaluate an existing tank.
  5. Set parallel filters and a safety factor for margin.
  6. Press Calculate, then export results if needed.

Example data table

Sample scenarios for quick comparison. Adjust values for your system.

Scenario Total Flow (m³/h) Filters Target HRT (min) Depth (m) Suggested Diameter (m) Upflow (mm/s)
Backyard pond1.20160.800.462.02
Small grow beds2.50250.900.402.73
Heavy solids load4.00381.000.501.89
These examples assume a 10% safety factor and even flow splitting.

Radial separation basics

A radial flow filter slows incoming water and spreads it outward, allowing heavier solids to drop before clarified water exits near the surface. The inlet energy, baffle geometry, and outlet height influence separation. The calculator focuses on hydraulics: it splits total flow across parallel filters, converts units, and estimates tank volume and velocities so designs can be compared consistently.

Sizing by retention time

Retention time is the average time water stays inside the vessel. The calculator uses V = Q × t and applies a safety factor to cover turbulence, short-circuiting, and future loading. For many pond and bed systems, designers often explore 3–10 minutes, then confirm with observation: clarity, settled sludge depth, and how often purging is required. Higher loads typically need more time or more parallel units.

Reading velocity outputs

Upflow velocity is computed from flow per filter divided by plan area. Lower values generally support settling because particles have more opportunity to sink against the upward motion. A common starting target is keeping upflow in the low millimetres per second range, then tuning with real results. The report also shows inlet pipe velocity, which helps confirm the feed line is not creating excessive jetting into the tank.

Parallel filters and safety margin

Adding vessels in parallel reduces Q per filter, lowering upflow velocity and often improving separation without increasing depth. It can also shorten cleaning time because each unit holds less sludge before performance drops. The safety factor increases required volume, giving a buffer for seasonal biofouling, pump upgrades, and imperfect flow balancing between outlets, valves, or manifolds.

Operational checks and cleaning

Use the “check existing tank” mode to confirm that current diameter and depth still meet your target retention. If the calculator flags high velocities or low time, consider throttling flow, increasing diameter, adding a second unit, or improving inlet diffusion. Routine purging of settled solids preserves effective volume and keeps downstream bio-media cleaner, which stabilizes flow and reduces clogging in grow beds.

FAQs

1) What does the safety factor change?

It increases required tank volume by a chosen percentage. This cushions real-world effects like turbulence, uneven splitting, and gradual fouling, so retention time stays closer to your target.

2) Should I use auto-size or check mode?

Use auto-size when planning a new vessel and you know your intended depth. Use check mode when you already have a tank and want to see if it meets retention and velocity goals.

3) Why does adding parallel filters help?

Parallel units divide total flow, lowering flow per filter. That reduces upflow velocity and can improve settling performance while keeping each vessel easier to service.

4) What is a reasonable retention time?

Many systems start exploring 3–10 minutes, then adjust based on solids load and clarity targets. Higher loads often benefit from more time or additional parallel units.

5) How should I interpret the score?

The score is a transparent heuristic based on retention time and upflow velocity only. Use it to compare design options, not as a guarantee of filtration performance.

6) What if pipe velocity is very high?

High pipe velocity can cause jetting and re-suspension. Consider increasing pipe diameter, adding diffusers, or smoothing the inlet path so water enters calmly and spreads evenly.

Practical notes

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Important Note: All the Calculators listed in this site are for educational purpose only and we do not guarentee the accuracy of results. Please do consult with other sources as well.