RO Recovery Calculator for Garden Water

Track RO performance before watering sensitive plants. Enter flows and salinity to reveal efficiency fast. Download reports, spot waste, and protect your garden year-round.

Calculator
Provide any two flows to solve the third. Use consistent units.
Choose the unit used for all three flow fields.
Total inlet flow to the RO system.
Product water flow delivered for irrigation.
Reject/brine flow going to drain or reuse.
From a TDS meter or lab test.
Used to estimate salt rejection percentage.
Helps estimate daily permeate volume.
Used for permeate-per-membrane reporting.
Saved into CSV/PDF exports.
Reset

Formula used
  • Qc = Qf - Qp (or solve the missing flow when two are provided).
  • Recovery (%) = (Qp / Qf) * 100.
  • Salt rejection (%) = (1 - (TDSp / TDSf)) * 100 when TDS values are entered.
  • Concentration factor = Qf / Qc when Qc is available.
  • Estimated concentrate TDS assumes ideal mixing and concentration only.
How to use this calculator
  1. Select one flow unit, then use it everywhere.
  2. Enter any two flows: feed, permeate, concentrate.
  3. Optionally add TDS values to check rejection.
  4. Press Submit to show results above this form.
  5. Export CSV or PDF for maintenance records.
Example data table
Sample results for typical small garden RO systems. Values are illustrative.
Feed (L/h) Permeate (L/h) Concentrate (L/h) Recovery (%) Feed TDS (ppm) Permeate TDS (ppm) Rejection (%)
600 240 360 40.00 900 30 96.67
500 250 250 50.00 650 25 96.15
420 168 252 40.00 1200 60 95.00
Tip: Many garden RO setups run 35-60% recovery, depending on feed quality and scaling control.
What recovery means for gardens

Recovery is the percentage of feed water converted into usable permeate. Higher recovery saves water, but it also concentrates salts in the reject stream, increasing scaling risk.

For delicate plants, consistent permeate quality is often more important than maximizing recovery. Track trends weekly and investigate sudden changes in rejection or flow balance.

Professional article

Recovery basics for irrigation planning

Reverse osmosis recovery shows how efficiently a garden RO system converts feed water into usable permeate. If your feed flow is 600 L/h and permeate is 240 L/h, recovery is 40%, leaving 360 L/h as concentrate. Tracking this ratio helps you plan irrigation volume and manage waste.

Typical recovery targets and scaling limits

Most small systems operate around 35–60% recovery. At 50% recovery, every 1 liter of permeate produces about 1 liter of concentrate, which is manageable for drain or reuse. For garden use, many owners target 40–55% to balance savings and membrane life. Pushing beyond 70% can increase scaling potential because salts concentrate faster in the membrane channels.

Flow balance, daily permeate, and pressure

Flow balance is a practical troubleshooting check. In steady operation, Qf should be close to Qp + Qc. A deviation above 2% often points to inconsistent units, meter drift, air in the line, or a partially blocked restrictor. Daily permeate is simply Qp multiplied by runtime hours, such as 0.25 m3/h for 4 hours equals 1.0 m3/day. Check pressures too: low feed pressure reduces permeate, while high pressure can mask fouling until rejection drops.

TDS, rejection, and plant protection

TDS inputs add a quality lens. If feed TDS is 900 ppm and permeate is 30 ppm, rejection is 96.67%, which is typical for healthy membranes. Sudden rejection drops below 90% may indicate membrane damage, O-ring bypass, or sampling errors. For sensitive plants, stable permeate TDS matters more than chasing maximum recovery.

Benchmarks, maintenance, and recordkeeping

Use results to set maintenance benchmarks. Record recovery, rejection, and permeate per membrane each week. A gradual permeate decline with stable rejection suggests fouling and warrants prefilter checks or cleaning, while rejection decline suggests integrity issues. When concentrate is reused for rinsing paths or ornamentals, log that volume separately. Exporting CSV/PDF keeps a clear history for seasonal irrigation planning and filter replacement intervals.

FAQs

1) What recovery range is practical for garden RO systems?

Many small units run 35–60% recovery. A common target is 40–55% for stable permeate and lower scaling risk. If you exceed 70%, monitor concentrate buildup and follow the membrane maker’s limits.

2) Why does recovery change during hot or cold days?

Water viscosity changes with temperature. Warmer water usually increases permeate flow, raising recovery if feed flow stays constant. Colder water lowers permeate flow, so recovery drops unless pressure or restrictor settings are adjusted.

3) Do I need to enter all three flows?

No. Enter any two of feed, permeate, and concentrate. The calculator solves the third using flow balance. Use one unit for all fields to avoid incorrect recovery results.

4) What does low salt rejection indicate?

If rejection falls below about 90%, check for membrane damage, bypass around seals, exhausted carbon, or sampling error. Also verify the feed TDS reading; a faulty meter can distort the rejection percentage.

5) Can concentrate water be reused in the garden?

Sometimes. Concentrate contains higher salts than feed. It can be suitable for rinsing tools, paths, or salt-tolerant ornamentals, but avoid sensitive plants and seedlings. If unsure, measure TDS and water sparingly.

6) How often should I record readings?

Weekly logging is enough for most home systems. Record feed, permeate, and TDS at the same operating condition. Increase to daily checks after filter changes, membrane cleaning, or when you notice taste or plant stress.

7) Why is the flow balance deviation important?

Ideally, Qf equals Qp plus Qc. A large deviation suggests wrong units, a faulty flow meter, leaks, air bubbles, or restrictor issues. Fixing balance improves confidence in recovery calculations and trend comparisons.

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Important Note: All the Calculators listed in this site are for educational purpose only and we do not guarentee the accuracy of results. Please do consult with other sources as well.