Linear Regression Calculator

Build precise trend models from pasted x and y values. Inspect diagnostics before exporting results. Make faster math decisions with transparent regression summaries today.

Calculator Input

Three columns on large screens, two on tablets, one on mobile.
Paste two columns only. Supported separators: comma, semicolon, tab, or spaces.

Example Data Table

Use this sample to test the calculator quickly.

X Y
11.8
22.6
33.7
44.1
55.0
66.2
76.8
88.1
98.9
1010.2

Formula Used

The calculator fits the line ŷ = a + bx.

b = Σ[(xᵢ − x̄)(yᵢ − ȳ)] / Σ[(xᵢ − x̄)²] a = ȳ − b x̄ Residual = yᵢ − ŷᵢ R² = 1 − (SSE / SST) RMSE = √(SSE / df_error)

When zero-intercept mode is enabled, the slope becomes b = Σ(xᵢyᵢ) / Σ(xᵢ²) and the intercept is fixed at 0.

How to Use This Calculator

  1. Paste your paired values in the dataset box as two columns.
  2. Choose the delimiter or keep auto detect enabled.
  3. Set precision and optionally enter a prediction X value.
  4. Enable header row or zero-intercept mode only when needed.
  5. Click Calculate Regression to show results above the form.
  6. Review coefficients, ANOVA, and residuals, then export CSV or PDF.

Data Preparation Standards

Reliable regression starts with clean paired values in two columns, one predictor and one response. The calculator accepts comma, tab, semicolon, or space separators, plus an optional header row. For diagnostics, keep units consistent and avoid mixed scales. The included example has 10 observations from X=1 to X=10. This structure supports stable estimates, review, and fast exports for daily reporting workflows. Clear formatting reduces entry errors and speeds validation before model interpretation.

Coefficient Interpretation and Model Fit

With the example data, the fitted line is approximately y-hat = 0.7067 + 0.9152x. The slope shows average response change per one-unit increase in X, while the intercept estimates baseline response at X=0. The coefficient output reports standard errors and t statistics, helping users judge estimate stability. In this sample, the slope is positive, confirming a consistent upward relationship across the observed range. Coefficients support forecasting and benchmarking when assumptions remain reasonable.

Error Metrics and Diagnostic Reading

Residual analysis explains how far observations fall from the fitted line. In the sample, SSE is about 0.4701 and RMSE is about 0.2424, indicating small average prediction error relative to the Y scale. The residual table lists actual values, predicted values, and row-level differences, which supports quick outlier checks. Users should look for random residual spread instead of patterns, because trends can signal nonlinearity or missing variables in practice. Review unusual rows before sharing conclusions.

Explained Variation and Significance Review

Model strength is summarized by correlation and explained variance. The example produces r near 0.9966 and R-squared near 0.9932, meaning the line explains most observed variation in Y. The ANOVA block separates regression and error sums of squares, then reports an F statistic near 1175.92. High explained variation does not prove causation, but it provides strong evidence that the predictor is useful. Apply domain knowledge before final recommendations carefully.

Operational Use and Reporting Workflow

This calculator is designed for repeatable analytical work. Teams can paste fresh paired data, choose decimal precision, and optionally generate a prediction for a target X value. Results appear above the form for immediate validation before export. CSV output preserves model summary, coefficients, ANOVA, predictions, and residual rows for audits. PDF output captures a compact report suitable for project files, stakeholder reviews, and documented decision support. Consistent exports improve collaboration and traceability.

FAQs

1) What data format should I paste?

Paste two numeric columns representing X and Y pairs. Use comma, tab, semicolon, or spaces as separators. You may keep a header row if the header checkbox is enabled before calculation.

2) When should I force intercept to zero?

Use zero-intercept mode only when your process must pass through the origin and that assumption is justified. Otherwise, let the calculator estimate the intercept from the observed data.

3) What does R squared mean here?

R squared shows the share of Y variation explained by the fitted line. Values closer to 1 indicate stronger linear fit, but they do not prove causation or guarantee future performance.

4) Why are residuals important?

Residuals reveal model error for each row. Large or patterned residuals can indicate outliers, data entry mistakes, nonlinear behavior, or missing predictors that simple linear regression cannot capture.

5) Does the calculator support p-values?

This version provides coefficient estimates, standard errors, t statistics, ANOVA, and fit metrics. It does not currently display p-values or confidence intervals, so use external statistical tools if required.

6) What is included in CSV and PDF exports?

CSV export includes model summary, coefficients, ANOVA, prediction output, and residual rows. PDF export provides a compact report summary for sharing, filing, and quick stakeholder review.

Notes

Related Calculators

Multiple Regression CalculatorSimple Regression CalculatorPower Regression CalculatorLogarithmic Regression CalculatorR Squared CalculatorSlope Intercept CalculatorCorrelation Coefficient CalculatorSpearman Correlation CalculatorResiduals CalculatorStandard Error Regression

Important Note: All the Calculators listed in this site are for educational purpose only and we do not guarentee the accuracy of results. Please do consult with other sources as well.