Calculator Inputs
Example Data Table
| Scenario | Range | Duplex | Bandwidth | CA | SCS | DL / UL Layers | Estimated Real DL | Estimated Real UL |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Urban mid-band site | FR1 | TDD | 100 MHz | 1 | 30 kHz | 4 / 2 | 1.366 Gbps | 169.00 Mbps |
| Low-band coverage layer | FR1 | FDD | 20 MHz | 1 | 15 kHz | 2 / 1 | 119.00 Mbps | 37.30 Mbps |
| Dual-carrier mid-band | FR1 | TDD | 100 MHz | 2 | 30 kHz | 4 / 2 | 2.562 Gbps | 316.00 Mbps |
| mmWave hotspot | FR2 | TDD | 400 MHz | 1 | 120 kHz | 2 / 1 | 2.760 Gbps | 330.00 Mbps |
Formula Used
Peak Downlink Throughput
DL Peak = Bandwidth × Usable Bandwidth Ratio × Bits per Symbol × Coding Rate × Layers × Component Carriers × (1 − DL Overhead) × DL Time Share
Peak Uplink Throughput
UL Peak = Bandwidth × Usable Bandwidth Ratio × Bits per Symbol × Coding Rate × Layers × Component Carriers × (1 − UL Overhead) × UL Time Share
Estimated Real Throughput
Estimated Real Speed = Peak Speed × Scheduler Efficiency
Numerology Display
For SCS values 15, 30, 60, and 120 kHz, numerology is μ = 0, 1, 2, and 3. Slot Duration = 1 / 2μ ms.
This is an engineering estimator. Live user speed can be lower because of signal quality, mobility, retransmissions, scheduler policy, load, and device limits.
How to Use This Calculator
- Select the frequency range and duplex mode for the deployment you want to model.
- Enter bandwidth per carrier and the number of aggregated carriers.
- Choose subcarrier spacing to match the planned numerology.
- Set usable bandwidth ratio to reflect guard bands and actual payload capacity.
- Pick downlink and uplink modulation orders that fit expected radio quality.
- Enter coding rates and MIMO layers for both directions.
- Add overhead percentages and scheduler efficiency for a more realistic estimate.
- If using TDD, set downlink share. Uplink share is automatically derived.
- Press the calculate button to show the results above the form, then export them as CSV or PDF.
FAQs
1. What does this calculator estimate?
It estimates theoretical peak and more practical 5G downlink and uplink throughput from bandwidth, modulation, coding, layers, carrier aggregation, overhead, and duplex time sharing.
2. Why are real field speeds usually lower?
Live networks face fading, interference, device limits, scheduler contention, control signaling, retransmissions, handovers, and transport limits. Those factors reduce user throughput versus ideal payload capacity.
3. Does higher subcarrier spacing always increase speed?
Not automatically. Higher spacing mainly changes numerology and slot timing. With fixed usable bandwidth, payload rate depends more on modulation, coding, layers, overhead, and time allocation.
4. Why are downlink and uplink modeled separately?
Downlink and uplink often use different modulation orders, coding rates, layer counts, overhead, and time shares. Separate inputs produce a more realistic estimate for each direction.
5. How should I choose coding rate values?
Use higher values for strong radio conditions and lower values for edge coverage or conservative planning. Many planners test several cases to create optimistic, nominal, and stressed scenarios.
6. What does usable bandwidth ratio mean?
It represents the share of channel bandwidth that effectively carries payload after guard bands and practical resource packing effects are considered in a simplified planning model.
7. Does carrier aggregation multiply speed linearly?
It can increase total capacity strongly, but real gains depend on device support, band combinations, scheduling, radio quality, and whether all carriers are equally usable at the same time.
8. Is this suitable for formal acceptance testing?
It is best for planning, comparison, and quick engineering estimates. Formal acceptance or SLA validation should rely on drive tests, counters, logs, and controlled field measurements.