Formula Used
Electric flux measures how much electric field passes through a surface. For a flat surface in a uniform field:
Φ = E · A · cos(θ)
- Φ is electric flux (N·m²/C).
- E is electric field strength (N/C).
- A is surface area (m²).
- θ is the angle between E and the surface normal.
For closed surfaces, Gauss's law links flux to enclosed charge:
Φ = Qenclosed / ε₀
How to Use This Calculator
- Select a mode that matches your problem setup.
- Choose what you want to solve for, if applicable.
- Enter known values and select the correct units.
- Click Calculate to view results above the form.
- Use the CSV or PDF buttons to export a clean summary.
Example Data Table
| Case | E (N/C) | A (m²) | θ (deg) | Φ (N·m²/C) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 50 | 0.40 | 60 | 10 | Moderate tilt reduces flux by cos(60)=0.5 |
| 2 | 120 | 0.15 | 0 | 18 | Normal alignment gives maximum flux |
| 3 | 80 | 0.25 | 90 | 0 | Field parallel to surface yields zero flux |