Calculator Inputs
Leave unused fields blank. Enter any compatible pair or trio. Good combinations include frequency and duty cycle, period and pulse width, or pulse width and off time.
Pulse Waveform Graph
Submit values to generate the waveform chart and exportable results.
Example Data Table
| Case | Frequency | Duty Cycle | Period | Pulse Width | Off Time |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Signal A | 1 kHz | 25% | 1 ms | 0.25 ms | 0.75 ms |
| Signal B | 5 kHz | 40% | 0.2 ms | 80 µs | 120 µs |
| Signal C | 20 kHz | 10% | 50 µs | 5 µs | 45 µs |
| Signal D | 60 Hz | 65% | 16.667 ms | 10.833 ms | 5.833 ms |
Formula Used
- Period: T = 1 / f
- Frequency: f = 1 / T
- Duty Cycle: D = (PW / T) × 100
- Pulse Width: PW = T × (D / 100)
- Off Time: Off = T - PW
- Mark Space Ratio: PW / Off
- Active Time Per Second: D / 100 seconds
- Pulses Per Minute: f × 60
This calculator solves the waveform once enough compatible timing inputs are supplied.
How to Use This Calculator
- Enter any compatible pulse timing values.
- Choose the correct unit for each value.
- Typical pairs are frequency and duty cycle.
- You can also use period and pulse width.
- Pulse width and off time also work.
- Select how many cycles the graph should display.
- Press Calculate to view the derived results.
- Use the export buttons for CSV or PDF files.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What does pulse width mean?
Pulse width is the time a signal remains high during one cycle. It is measured in seconds, milliseconds, microseconds, or nanoseconds.
2. How are frequency and period related?
They are reciprocals. A higher frequency gives a shorter period. A lower frequency gives a longer period.
3. What is duty cycle?
Duty cycle is the percentage of one full period spent in the high state. It shows how long the signal stays active during each cycle.
4. Can I solve with only pulse width and off time?
Yes. Their sum gives the full period. The calculator then derives frequency, duty cycle, and the other timing values automatically.
5. Why must pulse width stay below the period?
A repeating pulse must fit inside one full cycle. If pulse width equals or exceeds the period, the waveform stops behaving like a normal pulse train.
6. Why are units important here?
Wave timing values can differ by huge factors. Correct units prevent errors when converting between seconds, milliseconds, microseconds, and nanoseconds.
7. What is mark space ratio?
It compares high time to low time. A larger ratio means the signal stays high longer relative to the off portion.
8. Where is this calculator useful?
It helps with timing analysis in electronics, control systems, modulation, lab testing, embedded design, and classroom waveform exercises.