Calculator Inputs
Enter mass directly or enter Schwarzschild radius. The calculator then derives the remaining thermodynamic and radiative quantities.
Example Data Table
This worked example uses a black hole mass of 1.0 × 1011 kg with both correction factors set to 1.
| Example Input | Derived Power | Temperature | Lifetime | Radius |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.000000e+11 kg | 3.561622e+10 W | 1.226901e+12 K | 2.665437e+9 years | 1.485232e-16 m |
Formula Used
This calculator assumes a non-rotating, uncharged Schwarzschild black hole. The adjusted power multiplies the base Hawking expression by your chosen correction factor.
rs = 2GM / c2
T = ħc3 / (8πGMkB)
Pbase = ħc6 / (15360πG2M2)
Pcorrected = Pbase × (graybody factor × species factor)
dM/dt = Pcorrected / c2
tlife = [5120πG2M3 / (ħc4)] ÷ correction factor
How to Use This Calculator
- Choose whether you want to start with black hole mass or Schwarzschild radius.
- Enter the primary value and pick the matching unit.
- Set the graybody factor and particle species factor.
- Choose how many decades the graph should span around your selected mass.
- Press Calculate Hawking Power to place results above the form.
- Review the detailed outputs, graph, and export buttons.
- Download the results as CSV or create a PDF snapshot.
For realistic astrophysical black holes, the Hawking power is extremely small. Very tiny black holes produce far larger temperatures and stronger emission.
Frequently Asked Questions
1) What does this calculator estimate?
It estimates Hawking radiation power, temperature, mass loss rate, lifetime, radius, flux, density, peak wavelength, and related quantities for a Schwarzschild black hole.
2) Why does power rise when mass falls?
The base Hawking power varies as 1/M². Smaller black holes are hotter, radiate more intensely, and evaporate faster than larger ones.
3) What are the correction factors for?
They let you scale the idealized Hawking result. Use them for graybody effects, particle content assumptions, or sensitivity studies in teaching and quick model comparisons.
4) Can I enter radius instead of mass?
Yes. If you supply Schwarzschild radius, the calculator converts it to mass first, then computes temperature, power, and the remaining outputs.
5) Does this include spin or electric charge?
Not explicitly. The core equations assume a non-rotating, uncharged black hole. You can mimic approximate departures by adjusting the scaling factors.
6) Why are the values often shown in scientific notation?
Black hole quantities span enormous ranges. Scientific notation keeps tiny and huge results readable without losing precision or creating confusing strings of zeros.
7) What does the graph show?
It shows the corrected Hawking power across a mass range centered on your current mass. Because the relationship is steep, the plot uses logarithmic axes.
8) Is this suitable for research-grade relativistic modeling?
It is best for education, screening, and analytic exploration. Precision studies should include detailed particle spectra, spin, charge, and full quantum gravity assumptions.