Recommended range: 0 °C to 100 °C at ~1 atm.
Results
| T (°C) | ρ (kg/m³) | μ (Pa·s) | ν (m²/s) | β (1/K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No results yet. Click Calculate or try the example below. | ||||
Notes: ν = μ/ρ. β = −(1/ρ)·(dρ/dT) at constant pressure, approximated numerically.
Example data (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 °C)
| T (°C) | ρ (kg/m³) | μ (Pa·s) | ν (m²/s) | β (1/K) |
|---|
These are computed using the same correlations used by the calculator.
Formulas used
Assumptions: Pure water at approximately atmospheric pressure, temperature 0–100 °C.
- Density, ρ (kg/m³)
Empirical fit (widely cited approximation):
ρ(T) = 1000 · [1 − ((T + 288.9414) / (508929.2 · (T + 68.12963))) · (T − 3.9863)²]
whereTis in °C. - Dynamic viscosity, μ (Pa·s)
Andrade-type correlation for water in 0–100 °C:
μ(T) = 2.414×10⁻⁵ · 10^( 247.8 / (T + 133.15) )withTin °C. - Kinematic viscosity, ν (m²/s)
ν(T) = μ(T) / ρ(T) - Volumetric thermal expansion coefficient, β (1/K)
Defined at constant pressure:β = −(1/ρ) · (dρ/dT). We computedρ/dTvia a symmetric finite difference.
Correlations provide engineering accuracy for common temperatures. For ultra‑precise metrology, consult primary reference data.
How to use this calculator
- Select Single temperature or Range.
- Enter temperature in °C. For ranges, provide start, end, and step.
- Click Calculate to populate the results table.
- Optionally click Download CSV or Download PDF to export.
- Use the Example data card to preview typical values quickly.
- Keep temperatures within 0–100 °C for the most reliable outputs.
FAQs
The correlations are most accurate between 0 and 100 °C at approximately atmospheric pressure.
Density: kg/m³, dynamic viscosity: Pa·s, kinematic viscosity: m²/s, thermal expansion coefficient: 1/K. Temperature inputs are °C.
β is defined as −(1/ρ)·(dρ/dT). We estimate the derivative numerically using a symmetric finite difference around the target temperature.
Convert Kelvin to Celsius before input: T(°C) = T(K) − 273.15. The calculator expects °C entries.
Different sources use different empirical fits or reference pressures. Minor discrepancies are normal for engineering correlations.
Yes. Use the CSV or PDF buttons to download the current table for documentation or sharing.