Calculator Inputs
Example Data Table
| Batch | Stock Molarity | Target Molarity | Stock Volume | Final Volume | Solvent Added |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NaCl Working Solution | 2.5 M | 0.5 M | 100 mL | 500 mL | 400 mL |
| Acetate Buffer | 1.0 M | 0.2 M | 250 mL | 1.25 L | 1.00 L |
| Glucose Standard | 0.8 M | 0.1 M | 62.5 mL | 500 mL | 437.5 mL |
Formula Used
Core dilution equation: M1 × V1 = M2 × V2
- Find final volume: V2 = (M1 × V1) ÷ M2
- Find stock volume: V1 = (M2 × V2) ÷ M1
- Find target molarity: M2 = (M1 × V1) ÷ V2
- Find stock molarity: M1 = (M2 × V2) ÷ V1
- Solvent volume: Solvent = V2 − V1
- Dilution factor: DF = M1 ÷ M2 = V2 ÷ V1
Use consistent volume units on both sides of the equation. This calculator converts mL and L automatically before solving.
How to Use This Calculator
- Select the variable you want the calculator to solve.
- Enter the known stock concentration, target concentration, and volume values.
- Choose the correct units for stock and final volume.
- Add a batch name and optional lab notes if needed.
- Press Calculate Dilution to display results above the form.
- Review solvent volume, dilution factor, and concentration reduction values.
- Use the export buttons to save the result table as CSV or PDF.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What does the dilution equation represent?
It keeps the amount of solute constant before and after dilution. Only the total volume changes when solvent is added.
2. Can I use liters and milliliters together?
Yes. The calculator converts both volume inputs internally. You still should select the correct unit for each field.
3. Why can target molarity not exceed stock molarity?
A standard dilution lowers concentration. If you need a stronger solution, you must start with a more concentrated stock or evaporate solvent.
4. What is solvent volume in the results?
It is the added diluent needed to reach the final volume. The value equals final volume minus stock volume.
5. Does temperature affect dilution calculations?
Sometimes. Precise laboratory work may need density or activity corrections, especially for concentrated or temperature-sensitive solutions.
6. What is the dilution factor?
Dilution factor shows how many times the stock was diluted. A factor of 5 means one part stock becomes five parts final solution.
7. Can I export the result table?
Yes. Use the CSV button for spreadsheet files and the PDF button for a print-ready report of the current result section.