Beam Shear Capacity (RC) Calculator

Check concrete and stirrup contribution fast for any beam today during design. See capacity, utilization, and pass or fail status for quick review reports.

Calculator Inputs

Enter beam geometry, material strengths, and stirrup details.

Typical range: 20–60 MPa.
Common values: 420 or 500 MPa.
Use the shear-resisting web width.
Measured to tension steel centroid.
Area for one leg set, per stirrup bar size.
Two legs is common for closed stirrups.
Spacing along the member length.
Use 1.00 for normalweight concrete.
0.75 is a common shear value.
If provided, utilization and pass/fail will be shown.
Reset
All inputs are assumed to be consistent units as shown.

Example Data Table

Sample inputs and typical output format for quick checking.

f'c (MPa) fy (MPa) bw (mm) d (mm) Av (mm^2) legs s (mm) phi phiVn (kN)
28 420 300 500 100 2 150 0.75 ~260
35 500 250 450 126 2 125 0.75 ~285
25 420 350 550 100 4 200 0.75 ~380

Example outputs are approximate and depend on your entered factor settings.

Formula Used

This calculator applies common reinforced concrete shear capacity components.

  • Concrete contribution: Vc = 0.17 * lambda * sqrt(f'c) * bw * d / 1000
  • Stirrup contribution: Vs = (Av,total * fy * d / s) / 1000
  • Nominal capacity: Vn = Vc + Vs
  • Design strength: phiVn = phi * Vn
  • Utilization: U = Vu / (phiVn)

Units: MPa for strengths, mm for dimensions, and kN for shear results.

How to Use

  1. Enter concrete strength, steel yield, and beam dimensions.
  2. Provide stirrup area, number of legs, and spacing.
  3. Select the concrete factor and strength reduction factor.
  4. Optionally enter applied shear to evaluate pass or fail.
  5. Press Calculate to view results above the form.
  6. Download CSV or PDF for reporting and recordkeeping.

Professional Article

1. Why shear capacity matters on site

Shear failures in reinforced concrete beams are sudden and brittle, leaving little warning compared with flexural yielding. Construction teams benefit from quick checks confirming whether provided stirrups and section dimensions can safely resist governing shear demand at critical regions.

2. Typical shear demand patterns

For common simply supported beams, shear is highest at supports and reduces toward midspan. Continuous beams may show multiple peaks at interior supports. Concentrated loads create steep shear jumps, while uniformly distributed loads create linear shear diagrams. Enter Vu as the factored design shear at the checked section.

3. Concrete contribution and strength level

Concrete resists part of the shear through aggregate interlock, uncracked compression zones, and dowel action. As compressive strength increases, the square-root trend means gains are steady but not proportional. Raising f’c increases Vc, but gains are not proportional. As a quick reference, many projects specify 25–40 MPa for typical beams, and higher strengths for heavily loaded or durability-driven elements.

4. Stirrups and detailing efficiency

Stirrups provide the ductile, controllable portion of shear resistance. Increasing the number of legs or bar size raises total Av, while reducing spacing s increases Vs directly. Halving spacing doubles Vs, often the fastest upgrade option.

5. Geometry effects: bw and effective depth

Web width bw and effective depth d both scale shear capacity. Wider webs carry more shear and reduce stress concentrations, while deeper beams increase the lever arm and stirrup effectiveness. A 10% increase in d raises both Vc and Vs similarly, so placement accuracy matters.

6. Material and environmental considerations

Normalweight concrete typically uses lambda = 1.00, while lightweight mixes reduce shear capacity through lower aggregate interlock. The lambda option reflects this reduction and encourages closer stirrup detailing.

7. Interpreting utilization and pass or fail

When Vu is entered, utilization Vu/(phiVn) indicates margin. Values below 1.00 suggest capacity exceeds demand, while values above 1.00 indicate strengthening or redesign is required. Many teams target 0.80 to allow for tolerances and adjustments.

8. Using results for construction documentation

Record the input assumptions, calculated components, and the design strength phiVn in inspection notes, submittals, or RFI responses. The CSV and PDF exports support traceable documentation. They also simplify reviews during inspections, audits, and closeout. Always cross-check with governing project specifications and code requirements for minimum reinforcement and maximum spacing rules.

FAQs

1) What does Vc represent in this calculator?

Vc is the estimated concrete contribution to shear resistance. It depends on concrete strength, a unit weight factor, and beam dimensions, and is added to the stirrup contribution to form total nominal capacity.

2) How do I choose the strength factor phi?

Select the phi value required by your design standard for shear. Many reinforced concrete provisions use a lower strength factor for shear than flexure to reflect uncertainty and brittle behavior.

3) What if I do not know the applied shear Vu?

Leave Vu blank to compute capacity only. You can later enter Vu from your structural analysis output to see utilization and a pass or fail result for the checked section.

4) How is total stirrup area calculated?

Total Av equals the entered stirrup area multiplied by the number of legs crossing the shear crack plane. Closed stirrups commonly have two effective legs, while some configurations may have more.

5) Why does lightweight concrete reduce capacity?

Lightweight concrete generally has lower aggregate interlock, which reduces shear transfer across cracks. The lambda factor accounts for this reduction so the shear estimate is more realistic for the mix type.

6) Can I use this for members with inclined reinforcement?

This tool assumes vertical stirrups and a simplified approach. If you have inclined bars, unusual loading, or deep beam behavior, use code-specific methods and detailed checks beyond this estimate.

7) Does passing here guarantee code compliance?

No. Passing indicates estimated design strength exceeds entered demand. Final compliance also requires checks for minimum shear reinforcement, spacing limits, detailing, development, and any additional project or code provisions.

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Important Note: All the Calculators listed in this site are for educational purpose only and we do not guarentee the accuracy of results. Please do consult with other sources as well.