Bridge and Stay Inputs

Enter permanent loads for one deck span. The form divides deck weight between the selected cable planes.

m
Deck length supported by this stay group.
m
Full structural deck width.
m
Use an equivalent average where thickness varies.
kN/m³
Use the project material value.
kN/m
Exclude slab self-weight from this field.
kN/m
Pavement, curbs, rails, and barriers.
kN/m
Lighting, drainage, ducts, and similar items.
%
Allowance for known future fixed loads.
Use two for a typical symmetric twin-plane arrangement.
count
Stays extending from this tower toward the span.
m
Measured along the deck from tower centerline.
m
Equal spacing is assumed.
degrees
A common angle creates an idealized harp arrangement.
m
Measured above deck level.
kN/m
Applied along the idealized straight cable length.
Important: This tool gives a preliminary gravity-load estimate. It does not replace code-based bridge analysis or a qualified engineer’s design.

Example Data Table

These sample values match the default calculator inputs and show the purpose of each field.

Input Example Purpose
Supported deck span120 mDefines the loaded deck length.
Deck width18 mCalculates slab volume per deck meter.
Average slab thickness0.25 mCalculates slab self-weight.
Cable planes2Splits the deck line load between planes.
Stays per plane6Creates the tributary load distribution.
Common stay angle32 degreesResolves vertical demand into tension and horizontal force.

Formula Used

Deck dead line load

q_slab = deck width × slab thickness × concrete unit weight
q_dead = (q_slab + q_fixed + q_surface + q_services) × (1 + allowance / 100)

Load assigned to one cable plane

q_plane = q_dead / number of cable planes
V_deck,i = q_plane × tributary length_i

Idealized harp-stay force

L_cable,i = x_i / cos(θ)
V_i = V_deck,i + 0.5 × (cable unit weight × L_cable,i)
T_i = V_i / sin(θ)    |    H_i = V_i / tan(θ)
Tower connection elevation_i = x_i × tan(θ)

The model assumes straight, parallel stays. It treats cable self-weight as half delivered to each cable end.

How to Use This Calculator

  1. Enter the deck span carried by the analyzed stay group.
  2. Enter deck geometry and the project concrete unit weight.
  3. Add line loads for permanent girders, surfacing, barriers, and services.
  4. Select one or two cable planes that share the deck load.
  5. Set the stay count, first anchor distance, and equal spacing.
  6. Enter the common harp angle and usable tower height.
  7. Add an estimated cable unit weight and submit the form.
  8. Review the summary, stay table, and tower-height warning.
  9. Export the preliminary schedule, then verify it through bridge analysis.

Dead Load Planning for Harp Stays

Load Path Basics

A cable-stayed harp bridge carries deck weight through several near-parallel stays. Each stay supports a defined tributary length of deck. The deck load becomes a vertical cable reaction. Cable inclination then converts that reaction into tension and horizontal tower force.

Permanent Deck Weight

This calculator begins with permanent deck loads. Concrete slab weight comes from width, thickness, and unit weight. Extra line loads can cover girders, surfacing, barriers, utilities, and fixed equipment. An allowance can represent known permanent additions. The combined line load is divided between the selected cable planes.

Tributary Distribution

Stay positions control tributary lengths. The first stay uses the area between the tower and the midpoint toward the second stay. Middle stays use midpoint boundaries on both sides. The final stay receives the remaining deck length. This method gives each stay a logical share of the loaded deck.

Force Resolution

For each stay, the calculator adds half of the cable self-weight at the deck end. The vertical demand is then divided by the sine of the common harp angle. This produces an idealized cable tension. Dividing vertical demand by the tangent of the angle estimates the horizontal force transferred toward the tower.

Geometry Review

The connection elevation is calculated from deck distance multiplied by the tangent of the stay angle. Compare this elevation with usable tower height. A warning appears when a modeled connection rises above that height. This is a geometry check only. It does not establish a workable anchorage detail.

Use measured or scheduled distances, not rounded drawing dimensions. Always keep units consistent throughout the calculation. Loads are entered in kilonewtons per meter. Geometry is entered in meters and degrees. The summary reports kilonewtons and cable lengths in meters. Save input records carefully with each concept revision.

Design Limits

Use the output for early load studies, option comparisons, and checking input consistency. It is not a final bridge design. Real stays sag under self-weight. Their force depends on stiffness, pretension, construction sequence, temperature, wind, live load, seismic actions, and code combinations. Deck bending and tower flexibility also redistribute reactions.

Next Checks

Review the assumed load path before accepting the totals. Confirm whether one or two cable planes share deck weight. Confirm the loaded span and actual anchor spacing. Include every permanent attachment. Then pass the model to a qualified bridge engineer for nonlinear analysis, detailing, and code checks.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What does this calculator estimate?

It estimates permanent deck load, load shared by each cable plane, stay tension, horizontal tower force, cable self-weight, and idealized connection elevations for a harp arrangement.

2. Does the model include cable self-weight?

Yes. It calculates straight cable length, multiplies it by cable unit weight, and assigns half of that weight to the deck-end vertical demand of each stay.

3. Why must I select the number of cable planes?

The calculator splits the total deck line load equally between one or two cable planes. Use a project-specific distribution when the bridge is not symmetric.

4. What is a tributary length?

It is the deck length assigned to a stay. The calculator uses midpoint boundaries between adjacent deck anchors and the supported span ends.

5. Does the tower-height check prove the geometry works?

No. It only checks whether the idealized connection elevation fits below the entered usable height. Anchorage zones, clearances, and tower shape need separate review.

6. Can I use this for a fan arrangement?

No. The force model assumes a common stay angle. Fan systems use changing angles and different connection geometry, so they need a separate analysis model.

7. Are live loads included?

No. The form covers permanent loads only. Add live load, wind, temperature, seismic actions, construction stages, and required combinations in the final structural analysis.

8. Why does a shallow stay angle increase horizontal force?

A shallow cable needs more tension to produce the same vertical support. Its horizontal component therefore rises quickly as the angle decreases.

9. Should I enter code load factors?

Enter an allowance for known extra permanent items only. Apply governing code factors and load combinations in the engineer’s design model, not as a substitute here.

10. Does the result include deck bending or tower flexibility?

No. The model treats the tributary deck load as directly supported by stays. It does not calculate stiffness-based redistribution, bending moments, or deflection.

11. Can I use the results for construction?

Always confirm final values with the responsible bridge engineer.

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