Generator Efficiency Calculator

White theme CSV + PDF export Fuel-based or input-output

Turn field readings into reliable efficiency numbers. Supports diesel and custom fuels with live checks. Download CSV or PDF reports for project records easily.

Calculator
Responsive grid: 3 columns on large, 2 on medium, 1 on small screens.
Choose the method that matches available site data.
If you select electrical method, phase is required.
Used only when output is computed from electrical readings.
kW
Nameplate rating of the generator set.
%
If direct kW is blank, output = rated × load.
kW
Leave empty to use rated × load percentage.
V
Three-phase assumes line-to-line voltage.
A
Use steady-state current at the same load.
Typical range is 0.8–1.0 for many loads.

LHV values are typical and may vary by supplier.
L/h
Use average rate over several minutes, if possible.
MJ/L
Use LHV for efficiency and heat-rate comparisons.
kW
Mechanical shaft power or electrical input basis.
kW
Electrical output corresponding to the same operating point.
What this calculator outputs
  • Efficiency (%) based on your chosen method.
  • Heat rate (kJ/kWh) for fuel-based calculations.
  • Loss estimate (kW) to support energy balance checks.
Example data table
Sample inputs and typical outputs for quick reference.
Scenario Rated (kW) Load (%) Fuel Fuel rate LHV Estimated efficiency Heat rate
Site lighting + small tools 60 50 Diesel 8.0 L/h 35.8 MJ/L ~37% ~9,700 kJ/kWh
Concrete batching support loads 150 70 Diesel 28.0 L/h 35.8 MJ/L ~38% ~9,500 kJ/kWh
Temporary HVAC and dewatering 250 80 Natural gas 60 m³/h 35.8 MJ/m³ ~33% ~10,900 kJ/kWh
Values are illustrative; field performance varies by engine, altitude, temperature, and maintenance.
Formula used
Core equations applied by the calculator.
Fuel-based efficiency
Electrical energy rate (MJ/h) = Pe(kW) × 3.6
Fuel energy rate (MJ/h) = FuelRate × LHV
η(%) = (Electrical MJ/h ÷ Fuel MJ/h) × 100
LHV is in MJ per unit (L or m³). Use consistent units.
Electrical output from readings
Single-phase: P(kW) = V × I × PF ÷ 1000
Three-phase: P(kW) = √3 × V × I × PF ÷ 1000
For three-phase, V is assumed line-to-line.
Input-output efficiency
η(%) = (Output kW ÷ Input kW) × 100
Use the same operating point and steady measurements for both.
How to use this calculator
A practical workflow for construction power planning.
  1. Select Fuel-based if you have fuel rate and LHV data.
  2. Select Input-output if you know input and output power.
  3. Choose how to obtain electrical output: direct kW, rated × load, or V/I/PF.
  4. Enter steady readings at a stable load and submit the form.
  5. Review efficiency, heat rate, and losses; then export CSV/PDF for records.
Technical article
Practical guidance for interpreting efficiency results on construction sites.

1) Purpose of generator efficiency checks

Generator efficiency relates electrical output to fuel energy input. On construction projects it supports budgeting, temporary power sizing, and performance verification. This calculator standardizes comparisons by reporting efficiency, heat rate, and estimated losses from the same operating point. It also helps compare rented sets against contract targets. Use it after major load changes, unusual fuel burn, or before long shift operations.

2) Field data to capture

For electrical output, use a kW meter when available. Otherwise record voltage, current, power factor, phase, and the measurement window. For fuel-based checks, record consumption rate from a controller, flowmeter, or timed refill method. Log frequency, harmonics, and any derating factors shown on the controller. Note ambient temperature, elevation, and maintenance condition, because these influence combustion, cooling demand, and alternator losses.

3) Fuel LHV selection

Fuel energy input uses the lower heating value (LHV), which excludes water vapor condensation energy. LHV is widely used for engine heat-rate reporting. Supplier blends can shift LHV, so enter a certificate value when available. If not, use a typical preset and document the assumption in your exported report.

4) Reading the outputs

Efficiency (%) is electrical energy out divided by fuel energy in. Heat rate (kJ/kWh) is fuel energy required per kilowatt-hour; lower generally means better performance. Losses (kW) are fuel power equivalent minus electrical output and represent heat rejection, friction, and electrical inefficiencies. Compare results at similar load percentages for fair trending.

5) Planning and QA/QC use

Use results to keep generators within an efficient load band and to justify resizing or load consolidation. Repeat tests monthly, after major equipment additions, or after servicing. Export CSV for spreadsheet tracking and PDF for site records, then attach notes on instruments, units, and operating stability. Consistent documentation improves cost control and reduces disputes.

FAQs
Common questions about generator efficiency calculations.

1) What efficiency range is considered normal?

Many engine-driven sets show fuel-to-electric efficiency around 25–45%, depending on size and load. Compare your results at similar loads and with the same fuel assumptions to avoid misleading conclusions.

2) Should I use LHV or HHV for fuel energy?

Use LHV for most engine performance and heat-rate reporting because it excludes water vapor condensation energy. If your contract specifies HHV, convert inputs consistently and document the basis in exports.

3) Why does efficiency drop at low load?

Fixed losses such as friction, cooling fans, and alternator magnetization consume a larger share of fuel at low load. Running well below the recommended load band can also reduce combustion quality and increase fuel use.

4) Which electrical readings are best for accuracy?

A calibrated kW meter is best. If using V, I, and power factor, measure all three at steady state and ensure three‑phase voltage is line‑to‑line. Unstable loads can cause fluctuating power and errors.

5) How can I improve fuel consumption data quality?

Prefer a flowmeter or generator controller fuel-rate signal. If using timed refills, use a consistent container, stabilize the load, and run long enough to reduce timing error. Record units carefully.

6) What does heat rate tell me that efficiency does not?

Heat rate is often easier to compare across reports because it expresses fuel energy per kWh. A falling heat rate indicates improvement, while rising heat rate suggests higher losses, poorer fuel quality, or measurement issues.

7) Can I use this calculator for non-diesel fuels?

Yes. Select a preset for gasoline or natural gas, or choose custom fuel and enter your LHV and consumption units. Ensure your fuel rate units match the LHV units for correct energy input.

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