Solar Grid Independence Calculator

Plan off-grid readiness for homes, sites, and cabins. Model sun hours, panel output, and batteries. Make confident choices before bids, permits, and installs begin.

Enter your site values and press Calculate. Your results will appear here, above the form.
Inputs
Use realistic averages. Peak sun hours depend on location and shading.
Reset

If you have a monthly bill, divide kWh/month by 30.
Total DC nameplate capacity of the array.
Use annual average peak sun hours per day.
Covers wiring, temperature, dust, mismatch, and age.
AC delivery depends on inverter and conversion losses.
Use 90–95% for cloudy seasons, 105–110% for sunnier sites.
Use usable capacity after depth-of-discharge limits.
Higher targets may require more PV and load management.
Backup days depend on critical loads and recharge ability.
Reset
Example Data Table
Use these sample values to validate your setup.
Daily Use (kWh/day) PV Size (kW) Sun Hours (h/day) Derate (%) Inverter (%) Seasonal (%) Battery (kWh) Independence (%) Autonomy (days)
30 8 5 82 96 100 20 ≈ 84 ≈ 0.67
18 6 5.5 80 95 95 24 ≈ 100 ≈ 1.33
Formula Used
Daily solar production (kWh/day)
daily_solar = PV_kW × peak_sun_hours × derate × inverter_eff × seasonal_factor
Derate covers real-world losses like heat, dust, wiring, and module aging.
Grid independence (annual energy match)
independence% = min(100, annual_production ÷ annual_consumption × 100)
This is an energy balance metric, not a guarantee of zero grid usage.
Battery autonomy (days)
autonomy_days = usable_battery_kWh ÷ daily_load_kWh
If you plan critical loads only, autonomy can increase significantly.
Sizing targets
PV_for_target = (daily_load × target_fraction) ÷ (sun_hours × derate × inverter × seasonal)
Battery_for_target = daily_load × target_days
How to Use This Calculator
  1. Enter your average daily energy use from bills or monitoring.
  2. Add your solar array size and local peak sun hours.
  3. Set derate and inverter efficiency to reflect real conditions.
  4. Provide usable battery capacity, not nameplate capacity.
  5. Choose target independence and backup days for design goals.
  6. Press Calculate to view results above the form.
Tip: For construction sites, consider only critical loads for autonomy sizing.
Article
Five focused notes to support design choices.

Load Profiling for Independence

Grid independence starts with an accurate load profile. Use measured kWh from metering, not nameplate equipment lists. Split site demand into daytime production loads, evening lifestyle loads, and overnight essentials. This calculator works best when daily use reflects typical operation, not rare peaks. For projects, include lighting, pumps, compressors, IT, and temporary tools.

Solar Resource and Loss Assumptions

Solar production depends on peak sun hours and realistic losses. Derate captures module temperature, wiring, soiling, mismatch, and aging. Inverter efficiency converts DC to usable AC energy. The seasonal factor lets you stress-test winter months or monsoon periods. Enter conservative values to avoid optimistic sizing. If shading varies, use the worst month’s effective sun hours.

Storage Planning for Critical Loads

Batteries provide autonomy during low-sun windows and at night. Size storage using usable kWh, after depth-of-discharge limits and reserve margins. For construction sites, define critical loads first: safety lighting, communications, security, controls, and essential pumps. Noncritical loads can be scheduled to daylight. The calculator estimates autonomy days and shows extra storage needed for your target.

Interpreting the Independence Metric

Independence here is an annual energy match: how much of yearly consumption can be supplied by expected solar production. A high percentage does not guarantee zero grid import, because timing matters. Short cloudy stretches can force imports unless storage or backup generation covers gaps. Use the daily surplus or deficit to judge whether load shifting or additional PV is the better lever.

Construction Decisions and Next Steps

Use the sizing outputs to compare scenarios before procurement. PV for target independence supports budget screening, while battery for target autonomy supports resilience goals. Validate results with local irradiance data, equipment specs, and permitted interconnection limits. Then refine with hourly modeling, roof or land layout, and contingency allowances for future load growth. Include contingency for panel degradation, future appliances, and maintenance downtime. For remote work, pair solar with a small generator as a last-resort safety net during extreme weather and fuel access.

FAQs

What does the independence percentage represent?

It estimates annual energy match: expected yearly solar production divided by yearly consumption. It is capped at 100%. It does not automatically include time-of-day constraints or extended cloudy periods.

Why can I still import power with high independence?

Solar generation and loads rarely align perfectly. Night demand, cloudy spells, and winter lows can cause shortfall. Batteries, load shifting, or backup generation may be needed to reduce imports.

How should I choose the derate factor?

Start with 75–85% for typical installations. Reduce it for hot climates, dust, shading, long wire runs, or older modules. Increase it only when design details and maintenance control losses reliably.

Which battery capacity should I enter?

Use usable storage, not nameplate. Subtract reserve and depth-of-discharge limits. If the system keeps a backup buffer, exclude that portion so the autonomy result reflects energy you can actually use.

How do I estimate peak sun hours?

Use local solar resource data, installer reports, or PV modeling tools for your region. Prefer long-term averages, then apply a seasonal factor for the worst period you want to design around.

Can this size a fully off-grid system?

It provides a fast planning estimate. For full off-grid design, confirm hourly behavior, battery power limits, generator strategy, and safety margins. Validate with site shading, weather variability, and equipment specifications.

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Important Note: All the Calculators listed in this site are for educational purpose only and we do not guarentee the accuracy of results. Please do consult with other sources as well.