Wood Burn Rate Calculator

Enter log weight, wood type, and moisture to predict hourly burn and heat output fast. Save fuel, keep plants warm, and track loads easily.

Calculator Inputs

Sets a typical dry energy value and density reference.
Fresh wood can exceed 40%. Seasoned is often 15–25%.
Total wood you plan to burn in one load.
Used to estimate logs per hour.
Enclosed stoves can be 60–85% depending on design.
Open setups lose more heat before it reaches plants.
Higher air usually increases burn rate and output.
Wind can accelerate burning, especially on open fires.
If set, burn rate is based on time, then adjusted by air and wind.
If time is blank, this becomes the planning target.
Adds cost per hour and per day estimates.

Optional greenhouse heat estimator

If you leave target heat blank, the calculator can estimate heating demand using area, U-value, and temperature difference.

Use floor area as a practical quick input.
Higher means more heat loss. Single-cover structures are higher.
Your desired temperature for plant protection.
Colder air increases the required heating power.
Reset

Example Data Table

Wood type Moisture (%) Load (kg) Efficiency (%) Airflow (%) Wind (m/s) Target time (h) Burn rate (kg/h) Heat output (kW)
Oak (hardwood) 20 8 70 100 2 3 2.74 8.10
Pine (softwood) 30 6 65 110 4 2.5 3.24 7.16
Mixed/unknown 15 10 75 90 1 5 1.68 6.12

Example outputs are illustrative and depend on local conditions and equipment.

Formula Used

1) Effective energy per kg of wet wood
Effective_MJkg = BaseDry_MJkg × (1 − MC) − 2.6 × MC
MC is moisture fraction (e.g., 20% → 0.20). The 2.6 term approximates heating and evaporating water in the fuel.
2) Useful heat delivered
Useful_MJkg = Effective_MJkg × Efficiency × SetupFactor
SetupFactor reduces delivered heat for open fires and less controlled setups.
3) Burn rate paths
Time-driven: BurnRate = (Load / TargetTime) × AirFactor × WindFactor
Heat-driven: BurnRate = (Heat_kW × 3.6 / Useful_MJkg) × AirFactor × WindFactor
3.6 converts kW to MJ per hour. Air and wind scale burning intensity.
4) Heat output and burn time
HeatOutput_kW = BurnRate × Useful_MJkg / 3.6
BurnTime_h = Load / BurnRate
These link your fuel, conditions, and control settings into practical planning numbers.
Optional greenhouse heating demand
Heat_kW = Area × U × (Tin − Tout) / 1000
This is a simplified steady-state estimate. Air leaks, wet soil, and wind can raise real demand.

How to Use This Calculator

  1. Choose the wood type closest to your fuel source.
  2. Enter moisture content from a meter or drying estimate.
  3. Add the total load mass and your average log mass.
  4. Set efficiency and pick your setup type for realism.
  5. Adjust airflow and wind to match outdoor conditions.
  6. Use Target burn time to plan an overnight load, or leave it blank and set Target heat output.
  7. Press Calculate to see burn rate, output, and daily fuel needs.

Moisture and usable heat

Moisture content controls how much energy becomes plant‑warming heat. Wet fuel spends energy heating and evaporating water, so the same log mass produces fewer usable megajoules. For garden heaters, aim for seasoned wood around 15–25% moisture to stabilize output and reduce smoke. If your meter reads above 30%, expect a burn rate to maintain the same heat.

Species, density, and stacking choices

Hardwoods usually carry higher energy per kilogram and pack more mass per volume than many softwoods. That matters when you store wood near beds or a greenhouse, because dense species can deliver longer burns per stack. Softwoods can still be useful for quick warm‑ups, but they often require more frequent feeding. Keep stacks off soil, cover the top, and allow side airflow to prevent re‑wetting.

Airflow, wind, and burn intensity

Air control is the simplest lever for changing burn rate. More airflow raises combustion speed and heat output, but shortens burn time. Wind acts like extra draft, especially for open pits, increasing consumption and temperature swings. Use windbreaks, sheltered placement, and steady air settings for predictable results. If gusts rise, reduce airflow.

Greenhouse heat planning

When target heat is unknown, a quick demand estimate uses area, heat‑loss coefficient, and inside‑outside temperature difference. This supports decisions such as whether one heater is enough or if supplemental insulation is needed. Compare estimated kilowatts to calculated output and look for a safety margin during frost alerts. Tighten doors, seal gaps, and use thermal curtains to lower demand without burning extra wood.

Daily fuel, cost, and practical routines

Burn rate converts directly to daily wood needs, which helps schedule cutting, drying, and refills. Add a price per kilogram to translate performance into hourly operating cost and to compare wood against other heat sources. Record inputs and outcomes across several nights, then adjust moisture assumptions, load size, and airflow to match your microclimate. Consistent logs and repeatable settings are the fastest path to stable overnight protection more reliably.

FAQs

1) What does burn rate mean in this calculator?

Burn rate is the estimated wood mass consumed per hour after moisture, efficiency, setup type, airflow, and wind effects are applied. It helps you plan how often to refill and how much wood to stage for a cold night.

2) How do I measure moisture content accurately?

Split a log and use a moisture meter on the fresh inner face. Take several readings and average them. If you cannot measure, assume 25% for seasoned wood and 35–45% for freshly cut wood.

3) Why does wind increase wood consumption?

Wind increases oxygen delivery and pulls hot gases away, acting like extra draft. Open fires are most sensitive. Using a windbreak and reducing airflow can stabilize output and extend burn time.

4) Should I use target burn time or target heat output?

Use target burn time when you know how long a load must last, such as overnight protection. Use target heat output when you have a heat goal, such as maintaining a greenhouse temperature, and you can refill as needed.

5) How can I reduce wood use without lowering plant protection?

Lower heat loss first: seal leaks, add insulation, and use thermal curtains. Then use drier wood and a controlled setup. Small airflow reductions often cut consumption while keeping a steady, useful heat output.

6) Are the energy values for each wood type exact?

They are typical reference values for dry wood and will vary by species, bark, seasoning, and storage. The calculator is best for planning and comparisons; calibrate it by logging real burn times and adjusting moisture or efficiency.

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Important Note: All the Calculators listed in this site are for educational purpose only and we do not guarentee the accuracy of results. Please do consult with other sources as well.