Duct Slide Rule Calculator

Size ducts with airflow, velocity, and friction choices. Check round or rectangular routes quickly onsite. Export clear results for field review and records today.

Calculator

CFM
Inches
Inches
Inches
Width divided by height
FPM
in w.g. per 100 ft
Feet
in w.g.
lb per cu ft
Inches

Example Data Table

Airflow Mode Shape Input Target Typical Result Use Case
800 CFM Target velocity Round 900 FPM About 13 in round Small supply trunk
1,200 CFM Target friction Round 0.08 in w.g./100 ft About 15 in round Equal friction check
1,500 CFM Known duct Rectangular 22 in x 12 in Velocity and loss report Field verification

Formula Used

Area from velocity: Area = Airflow ÷ Velocity.

Round diameter: Diameter = 12 × √(4 × Area ÷ π).

Rectangular equivalent diameter: De = 1.30 × (W × H)0.625 ÷ (W + H)0.25.

Friction rate: FR = 0.109136 × CFM1.9 ÷ De5.02 × density ratio.

Run loss: Run Loss = FR × Length ÷ 100.

Total loss: Total Loss = Run Loss + Added Fitting Loss.

Velocity pressure: VP = (Velocity ÷ 4005)2 × density ratio.

How to Use This Calculator

  1. Enter the design airflow in CFM.
  2. Select known duct, target velocity, or target friction mode.
  3. Choose round or rectangular duct shape.
  4. Enter known dimensions or target values.
  5. Add duct length and fitting pressure loss.
  6. Press Submit to view results above the form.
  7. Use CSV or PDF for records and review.

Duct Slide Rule Planning Guide

A duct slide rule helps designers compare airflow, duct size, velocity, and friction. This calculator follows that same field idea. It gives fast values without turning a physical wheel. It is useful during early HVAC planning, duct checks, and site discussions.

Why Duct Sizing Matters

Airflow must move through a duct with reasonable speed. If the duct is too small, velocity rises. Noise can increase. Friction loss also rises. Fans may need more pressure. If the duct is too large, material cost increases. Space can also become difficult. A balanced size supports comfort, cost control, and service access.

Round and Rectangular Duct Checks

Round ducts usually have lower friction for the same airflow. They are simple to seal and size. Rectangular ducts fit tight ceiling spaces better. They also need aspect ratio review. Very flat ducts can create higher losses. This tool estimates an equivalent round size. That makes mixed layouts easier to compare.

Using Results in the Field

Enter airflow in CFM first. Then choose whether to evaluate a known duct or size from a target. Use target velocity for quick sizing. Use target friction when equal friction design is preferred. Add run length and fitting loss. The result shows velocity, friction, pressure loss, and velocity pressure. These values support quick decisions before final drawings.

Practical Limits

This calculator is for planning and checking. Final ductwork should follow project standards. Local codes, fan data, acoustic limits, leakage class, insulation, and balancing needs still matter. Treat the output as a guide. Confirm critical systems with approved design methods and measured data.

Better Inputs Give Better Choices

Use realistic airflow from room loads or an equipment schedule. Do not guess from duct size alone. Enter actual duct length, not only straight distance. Elbows, transitions, dampers, boots, and grilles add resistance. Put known extra loss in the fitting field. Keep units consistent. Review every branch separately. A main trunk and a branch can need different limits. For quiet rooms, lower velocity is often better. For short utility runs, higher velocity may be acceptable. Always leave room for installation, hangers, insulation, and future service. Good notes also make review easier during approval and balancing. Record assumptions. Update revisions.

FAQs

What does this duct slide rule calculator do?

It estimates duct size, velocity, equivalent diameter, friction rate, pressure loss, velocity pressure, and airflow volume. It can evaluate known ductwork or size a new duct from target velocity or target friction.

Can I use it for round ducts?

Yes. Select round duct and enter a known diameter. You can also let the calculator size a round duct from airflow and target velocity or friction.

Can I use it for rectangular ducts?

Yes. Select rectangular duct. For known duct checks, enter width and height. For sizing modes, enter a target aspect ratio, and the tool estimates a matching width and height.

What is equivalent round diameter?

Equivalent round diameter converts a rectangular duct into a comparable round duct value. It helps compare friction and performance between shapes during early duct planning.

What friction rate should I use?

Many comfort systems use a moderate friction target near 0.08 to 0.10 in w.g. per 100 ft. Project standards, fan pressure, noise goals, and duct length can change that choice.

Why is velocity important?

Velocity affects noise, throw, pressure loss, and balancing. Higher velocity can save space but may increase sound and fan energy. Lower velocity can improve comfort but needs larger ductwork.

Does this replace a full HVAC design?

No. It is a planning and checking tool. Final designs should follow codes, project specifications, fan curves, acoustic goals, leakage class, and approved engineering methods.

How do CSV and PDF downloads work?

Enter your values and press a download button. The same calculation runs first, then the result is exported as a CSV file or a simple PDF report.

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Important Note: All the Calculators listed in this site are for educational purpose only and we do not guarentee the accuracy of results. Please do consult with other sources as well.