Advanced Calculator
Penetration Chart
Example Data Table
| Scenario | Caliber | Armor | Angle | Range | Expected Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Battleship belt test | 406 mm | 356 mm | 30° | 15 km | Likely penetration |
| Cruiser angled belt | 203 mm | 152 mm | 50° | 11 km | Borderline result |
| Destroyer plating check | 381 mm | 19 mm | 65° | 8 km | Overmatch likely |
| HE deck check | 152 mm | 25 mm | 0° | 10 km | Depends on divisor |
Formula Used
Velocity loss:
Remaining velocity = Muzzle velocity × e-(Drag factor × Distance)
DeMarre-style penetration estimate:
Penetration = Quality × Mass0.50 × Velocity1.10 × Caliber0.65 / 5600
Effective armor:
Effective armor = Armor thickness / cos(Impact angle + Armor slope - Normalization)
Overmatch check:
Overmatch limit = Caliber / Overmatch ratio
HE penetration:
HE penetration = Caliber / HE divisor
This is a practical calculator model. It is made for comparison, planning, and educational use. Tune the coefficients when you want a stricter or looser result.
How to Use This Calculator
- Select AP, SAP, or HE shell type.
- Enter caliber, shell mass, and muzzle velocity.
- Add target distance and drag factor.
- Enter armor thickness, armor slope, and impact angle.
- Adjust normalization, shell quality, ricochet, and overmatch values.
- Press the calculate button.
- Read the result above the form.
- Use the chart, CSV, and PDF buttons for comparison.
Understanding Warship Armor Penetration
Armor penetration is a balance of shell energy and target resistance. A shell starts with muzzle velocity. It loses speed as range grows. Lower speed reduces striking power. Heavy shells often keep energy better. Larger caliber also helps because the shell can defeat thicker plate.
Why Angles Matter
Angle matters as much as thickness. A flat plate is easier to pierce. A sloped plate forces the shell to travel through more steel. The calculator converts the visible plate into effective armor. Normalization reduces the angle after impact. Overmatch checks whether the shell is large enough to ignore steep angles on thin armor.
Using the Model
This tool is useful for planning aim points. It can compare belt armor, deck armor, turret faces, and angled targets. The model is not an official server formula. It is a practical DeMarre style estimate. You can tune shell quality, drag, normalization, and ricochet settings. That makes it flexible for different ship lines and test cases.
Reading the Chart
Use range to judge velocity loss. Short range gives high penetration. Long range may require flatter targets or softer armor. Use the graph to see where penetration falls below effective armor. The pass margin shows how much safety remains. A small positive margin can still feel unreliable in play. A large margin suggests a strong penetration chance.
Overmatch and HE Checks
Overmatch is important in close decisions. If caliber divided by the overmatch ratio is greater than armor, the shell ignores ricochet logic. This can let large guns defeat thin plating even at harsh angles. HE penetration works differently. It compares a divisor based limit against armor. It does not use the same ricochet rules.
Exporting Results
The exported files help with comparisons. Save one setup as CSV. Save another as PDF. Then compare ranges, angles, and armor values. For best results, test several likely target angles. Keep your values consistent. Treat the output as a decision aid, not as a perfect battle replay.
Testing Method
The most valuable habit is changing one input at a time. Raise angle first. Then change range. Then adjust shell quality. This method shows which factor controls the result. It also prevents confusing a bounce problem with a pure penetration problem during testing.
FAQs
1. What does this calculator estimate?
It estimates whether a shell can defeat a selected armor plate. It uses shell size, mass, velocity, range, angle, slope, and quality settings.
2. Is this an official game formula?
No. It is a practical DeMarre style model. It helps compare situations, but actual battle results can include more hidden rules.
3. What is effective armor?
Effective armor is the thickness a shell must travel through after angle and slope are considered. Higher angles increase effective armor.
4. What does overmatch mean?
Overmatch means a large shell can ignore ricochet behavior against thin plating. The calculator checks caliber divided by the chosen ratio.
5. Why does range reduce penetration?
Shells lose speed while flying. Lower remaining velocity reduces kinetic energy and lowers the estimated armor penetration value.
6. How is HE handled?
HE uses a divisor method. The calculator divides caliber by the HE divisor, then compares that value with listed armor thickness.
7. What is shell quality?
Shell quality is an adjustable multiplier. Raise it for stronger shells. Lower it for weaker shells or conservative testing.
8. Can I export the results?
Yes. Use the CSV button for spreadsheet data. Use the PDF button for a clean summary of the current calculation.