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The Stop and Wait ARQ is a fundamental data link layer protocol used for reliable flow and error control. In this mechanism, the sender transmits a single frame and waits for an acknowledgment (ACK) from the receiver before dispatching the next sequential packet. While straightforward to implement, its performance degrades significantly on links characterized by high propagation delay bandwidth products or heavy error rates, since the channel remains idle during the entire round-trip journey.
The system evaluates protocol efficiency ($U$) and net throughput using fundamental equations factoring error rates. The transmission time $T_t$ represents frame size divided by bandwidth. Round trip time $RTT$ combines double propagation delay and processing delays. When frame corruption probability $P_e$ is accounted for, the effective efficiency is given by:
$$U = \frac{(1 - P_e) \times T_t}{T_t + RTT}$$
Throughput is subsequently calculated by multiplying this derived link efficiency factor by the underlying network channel capacity bandwidth.
To compute accurate results, enter your specified network bandwidth, connection distance, and signal propagation speed into the first options column. Next, specify your precise packet frame dimensions and expected hardware overhead components inside the second configuration section. Finally, input either your empirical bit error rate parameters or direct frame corruption probabilities within the error configuration panel. Submit values to instantly review performance metrics.
Why does Stop and Wait have low efficiency? Because the sender must stay idle waiting for an acknowledgment packet before transmitting subsequent data units.
How does BER impact throughput? Higher bit error rates cause frequent frame retransmissions, drastically reducing overall effective connection throughput.
Important Note: All the Calculators listed in this site are for educational purpose only and we do not guarentee the accuracy of results. Please do consult with other sources as well.