Wind Turbine Spacing Calculator

Estimate turbine spacing using diameter, terrain, and turbulence. See site fit with fast row counts. Export tables to document layouts for construction reviews today.

Inputs

Download CSV Download PDF
Primary driver for spacing in wind farms.
Optional; used for practical notes only.
For documentation and layout orientation checks.
Roughness and speed gradients affect wake recovery.
Higher turbulence can reduce wake length but increases loads.
Staggering can improve energy capture in some cases.
Lower targets push larger spacing. Typical: 8–12%.
Margin as a multiple of spacing, per side.
Guided starts at 7D/4D and adjusts.
Typical range: 5–12.
Typical range: 3–8.

Site definition

Provide dimensions or total area.
Area mode assumes a rectangle using aspect ratio.
Length roughly aligned with prevailing wind.
Width across the prevailing wind direction.
1 ha = 10,000 m².
Use 1.0 for a square site footprint.
History saved
0 run(s)
Exports include the full history table.
Clear form

Example data table

Rotor D (m) Terrain Turbulence Layout Along (m) Cross (m) Area/turbine (ha)
120FlatMediumAligned84048040.32
150RollingLowStaggered120067575.6
100OffshoreMediumAligned80045036.0
Examples are illustrative; actual projects require detailed wake and constraint checks.

Formula used

  • Along-wind spacing (m) = Rotor diameter (m) × Along multiplier (D)
  • Cross-wind spacing (m) = Rotor diameter (m) × Cross multiplier (D)
  • Area per turbine (m²) ≈ Along spacing × Cross spacing (slightly reduced for staggered layouts)
  • Estimated count uses usable site length/width after edge buffers.
Guided multipliers start at 7D along-wind and 4D cross-wind, then adjust using terrain, turbulence, wake target, and layout style.

How to use this calculator

  1. Enter rotor diameter and choose terrain and turbulence.
  2. Select aligned or staggered layout based on constraints.
  3. Set a wake loss target to match planning goals.
  4. Define the site using dimensions or total area.
  5. Press calculate to view spacing and turbine count.
  6. Download CSV or PDF for documentation and reviews.

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Important Note: All the Calculators listed in this site are for educational purpose only and we do not guarentee the accuracy of results. Please do consult with other sources as well.